India: Location Geological Structure and Physiography-II Class 9 GSEB Solutions Social Science Chapter 14

Gujarat Board Class 9 Social Science India: Location Geological Structure and Physiography-II Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Write a short answer for the following questions.
Question 1. Which passes are located in the Himalayan system?
Answer:
Jelep La, Nathu La, Shipki La.

Question 2. What is Regolith?
Answer:

1. Soil is the result of denudation of rocks. The rock surface is eroded due to factors like temperature, rain, snow, air, vegetation and insects in result it turns into powdery form. Thus it forms the land layer.
2. In this land layer there are gravels, smaller stones, pebbles, soil particles etc., which are known as ‘Regolith’. It contains only mineral contents.
3. The biotic matter, air and water are mixed with it. Finally, soil is formed out of this mixture.

Question 3. Which are the major types of rocks? Which are they?
Answer:
Various types of rocks are formed due to different processes. Rocks can be divided into three main categories on the basis of their formation. These are:

1. Igneous rocks
2. Stratified Rocks
3. Metamorphic Rocks.

Question 4. State the soil formation process.
Answer:

1. Soil is the result of denudation of rocks.
2. The rock surface is eroded due to factors like temperature, rain, snow, air, vegetation and insects and it turns into powdery form. Thus, it forms the land layer.
3. In this land layer, there are gravels, smaller stones, pebbles, soil particles etc. which are known as ‘Regolith’.
4. It contains only mineral contents. Then the biotic matter, air and water are mixed with it. Finally, soil is formed out of it.
5. The process of soil formation is a long term process.

2. Explain the following terms:

1. Deposition: The moving factors of the earth like river, wind, rain etc. leave the material at any place brought by them due slow down in their pace. That is called deposition.
2. Bangar: Soil containing older alluvium in the upper valley region of a river is called Bangar soil.
3. Mineral: The matter which is formed due to natural organic or inorganic process having specific chemical composition is called mineral.
4. Rock: A composite matter made up of one or more minerals is called rock.
5. Soil: The thin layer formed of the organic and inorganic matter on the surface of the earth is called soil.

3. Write to the point answers of the following questions: 
Question 1. Archipelagos of India
Answer:

1. There are a few archipelagos in India, Andaman Nicobar and Lakshadweep are major archipelagos among them.
2. There are many smaller islands in Lakshadweep and these are located at some distance of Kerala coast. These islands have a shape of horse-shoe. Such coral islands are called ‘Atolls’.
3. Among other archipelagos are included in Andaman and Nicobar islands situated in Bay of Bengal.
4. The number of islands are more in Andaman and Nicobar archipelagoes located in Bay of Bengal.
5. They are very far from Indian coast. There are a few mountain ranges, some of which are formed due to the volcanic activity.
6. These islands are spread over 350 km and have a strategic importance.
7. The only active volcano in India is Barren in Andaman and Nicobar archipelago.
8. Narkondam, a dormant volcano, which is very near to it.

Question 2. State the types of soils of India and give detailed information.
Answer:
The thin layer formed of the organic and inorganic matter on the surface of the earth. It is called soil. It is the result of denudation of rocks. The soil of India is classified into six types:

1. Alluvial soil
2. Black soil or Regur soil
3. Red soil
4. Laterite soil
5. Mountain soil
6. Desert soil.

Hence, due to diversity of climate and physiography, there are different types of soils found in the country.

Question 3. Classify the minerals.
Answer:
(a) Metallic Minerals: Precious metallic minerals: Platinum, Gold and Silver, etc.

• Light metallic minerals: Magnesium, Bauxite, Titanium, etc.
• Minerals of general use: Iron, Copper, Lead, Zinc, Tin, Nickel, etc.
• Minerals used in mixed form or as an alloy: Chromium, Manganese, Tungsten, Vanadium etc.

(b) Non-Metallic Minerals: Limestone, Chalk, Asbestos, Mica, Fluorspar, Gypsum, Sulphur, Diamond, etc.
(c) Minerals used as energy resources: Coal, Mineral oil and Natural gas, Uranium, Thorium, etc.

4. Select the correct options of the following questions and write answers.
Question 1. Patkai Hills : Arunachal Pradesh : Lushai
A. Nagaland
B. Manipur
C. Mizoram
D. Meghalaya
Answer:
C. Mizoram

Question 2. Who from the following speaks the incorrect statement? Find out:
A. Kashish: Gold, silver, platinum are precious minerals
B. Kinni: Bauxite, titanium and magnesium are light metallic minerals
C. Dhruvi: Tungston, manganese, and chromium etc. are non-metallic minerals.
D. Nidhi: Lead, copper and iron etc, are minerals taken in common use.
Answer:
C. Dhruvi: Tungston, manganese, and chromium etc. are non-metallic minerals.

Question 4. Which of the following statement is true?
A. Western Ghats have more height in north region.
B. Western Ghats are called Nilgiri in Karnataka.
C. Western Ghats are spread north-south in unbroken form along the Arabian Sea coast.
D. Western Ghats are called as Sahyadri on the border of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
Answer:
C. Western Ghats are spread north-south in unbroken form along the Arabian Sea coast.

Question 5. Which plateau is situated between Aravalli and Vindhyachal?
A. Chhota Nagpur
B. Malwa
C. Deccan
D. Shilong
Answer:
B. Malwa