Post-Independence India Class 9 GSEB Solutions Social Science Chapter 7

Gujarat Board Class 9 Social Science Post-Independence India Textbook Questions and Answers

1. Answer the following questions.

Question 1. Explain the brief about the merger of Princely States.
Answer:

1. During independence there were 562 Princely states. Out of them 48% Princely states had stakes in the total area of India.
2. Moreover, 20% of India’s population resided in these Princely states.
3. The Princely states included big stages such as Kashmir, Hyderabad and Mysore as well as several small states. Some states were as small as a village.
4. It was a mammoth task to convince the Kings and Nawabs of these states to merge with India.
5. India also feared that if the failed to merge these states with Indian Union, then foreign rulers may again invade these states and later India.
6. It was Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel who played a heroic and leading role in accomplishing this task.
7. He appealed to the Kings and Nawabs of the Princely states that they should voluntarily give up their respective states in the interest of their subjects and the Union of India.
8. He raised feeling of nationalism in India to reunite it.
9. As a result, Kings, Rajwadas, and Nawabs contributed in the making of a strong, integrated and prosperous India.
10. Against this Sardar Patel assured them that their rights and interests will be protected once they merge with India.
11. Sardar Patel and his secretary of the Home Department Mr. V.P. Menon prepared the draft for two important documents namely, ‘Attachment bond’ and ‘Status Quo Agreement’.
12. They acknowledged the contribution of various kinds in the merger and support for united India. This made the kings happy.
13. Except Kashmir, Hyderabad and Junagarh 559 Princely states accepted these documents and joined the union of India.

Question 2. Discuss in brief about how are the state of Junagarh and Hyderabad merged into the Union of India.
Answer:
Junagarh Merged into Indian Union:

1. On 15th August 1947, the Nawab of Junagarh wrote on instrument of accession to join Pakistan. Pakistan in turn gave them consent.
2. People of Junagarh living in Mumbai established ‘Aarzi Hakumat in Mumbai’.
3. Mangrol and Manavadar declared their wish to join the Union of India.
4. Indian soldiers and navy who were positioned to protect Manavadar and Mangrol besieged the Junagarh state. The Nawab of Junagarh fled to Pakistan.
5. On 9th November 1947, referendum of the people of Junagarh was taken.
6. Thus, Junagadh’s merger with the Union of India was made possible due to Sardar Patel’s tremendous efforts for the people of Junagarh.

Hyderabad Merged into Indian Union:

1. Nizam of Hyderabad with its states from southern part of India declared its independence on 15th of August.
2. Hyderabad won’t be able to remain as an independent state due to is surrounded by Indian Territory.
3. Nizam clarified the matter by saying that if the country will be divided then owing to ideological reasons. Under such circumstances they would prefer to remain independent.
4. Sardar Patel bluntly stated to the negotiator of the Nizam that people of Hyderabad are eager with the Union of India.
5. Meanwhile, Nizam officers started committing atrocities on the people of Hyderabad.
6. Ultimately Hyderabad was merged with the Union of India by using ‘Police Force’ on 18th September, 1948. Nizam surrendered himself.
7. Kanaialal Munshi played a very crucial role in the entire episode.

Question 3. Discuss the process of merger of Goa, Diu and Daman into the Union of India.
Answer:
15th August 1947, political leaders and satyagrahis entered Diu, Daman and Goa. In ‘Free Goa Agitation’ thousands of volunteers died. As attempts such as negotiation, persuasion and satyagrahis proved to be unsuccessful.

1. Indian government decided to began ‘Operation Vijay’ to liberate Goa. On the midnight of December 19th Governor of Portuguese, De Silva, surrendered to the Indian government.
2. Indian Army captured Goa, Daman and Diu and hosted Indian flag there.
3. On 12th March, 1962 Goa, Dadra Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu were merged with Union of India. These states were known as Union Territories.
4. On 30th May, 1987 Daman and Diu were separated from Goa.

2. Answer the following Questions in Brief.

Question 1.
Which appeal did Sardar Patel make to integrate princely states in the Union of India?
Answer:
After gaining independence, Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel appealed to the kings and Nawabs of the Princely State that they should voluntarily forsake their respective states in the interest to their subjects and the Union of India. Thus, stimulated nationalism. Sardar Patel assured them to protect their rights and interests.

Question 2. Why was there necessity to use ‘Police Force’ in Hyderabad?
Answer:

1. Nizam of Hyderabad with its states from southern part of India declared its independence on 15th August.
2. As for as its geographical location, it was bound to join India.
3. Hyderabad won’t be able to remain as an independent state as it is surrounded by Indian territory.
4. Nizam clarified the matter by saying that if the country will be divided then owing to ideological reasons and geographical reasons. Under such circumstances, they would prefer to remain independent.
5. Negotiations began with the Nizam. Sardar Patel bluntly stated to the negotiator of the Nizam that people of Hyderabad are eager to be with the Union of India.
6. Nizam officers started committing atrocities on the people of Hyderabad. Ultimately Hyderabad was merged with the union of India by using ‘Police Force on 18th September, 1948.

Question 3. Why did the French government agree to relinquish their Indian Settlements?
Answer:

• French government had its five places Pondicherry, Karaikal, Chandranagar, Mahe and Yanam were under their control.
• When India got independence at that time people of French colonies wanted to join the Union of India desperately. They started vigorous movements for the purpose.
• The French tried to suppress these freedom movements. In a mammoth meeting organized at Pondicherry. People gave the French government the ‘Hind Chhodo’ slogan in 1948.
• The Indian government started the negotiation for peaceful solution of the Pondicherry issue with the French government.
• In Yanam people’s Liberation Army had taken over the administration in their hands on June 13, 1954.
• The French government realized people’s rage and was compelled to start negotiation with the Indian government.

Question 4. What is ‘Operation Vijay’? Why was is carried out?
Answer:
On 15th August 1947, political leaders and satyagrahis entered Diu, Daman and Goa. In ‘Free Goa Agitation’ thousands of volunteers died. As attempts such negotiation, persuasion and satyagraha proved to be unsuccessful. The Indian government decided to begin ‘Operation Vijay’ to liberate Goa, Daman and Diu.

3. Write short notes on following.

Question 1. Sardar Patel’s contribution in merger of Princely States.
Answer:

1. After gaining independence Maharaja of Bhavnagar was the first King to start responsible government (15th January 1948).
2. Bhavnagar state was merged with United Saurashtra State which was created due to efforts of Sardar Patel in 15th February 1948.
3. At the time of independence there 562 princely states to stimulate nationalism in kings of princely states, Sardar Patel appealed to them that they should voluntarily forsake their respective states in the interest of their subjects and join the Union of India.
4. By starting the merging of princely states he also mentioned them to contribute in making of a strong, integrated and prosperous India. Sardar Patel assured them to protect their rights and interests.
5. Sardar Patel with the help of his secretary Mr. V.P. Menon prepared the draft for ‘Attachment bond’ and ‘Status Quo Agreement’.
6. Except Kashmir, Hyderabad and Junagadh 559 princely states accepted this instrument of accession and joined the Indian Union.
7. Sardar Patel was. a Deputy Prime Minister and the Home Minister possessing sharp foresightedness and iron will power.
8. Due to his efforts small-big princely states agreed to join Indian Union.
9. On 18th September, 1948 Hyderabad was merged with the Union of India by using “Police Force”. Thus Nizam surrendered himself.
10. On 9th September 1947, Nawab of Junagadh fled to Pakistan, public opinion was taken. In which high majority gave opinion for merging in India.
11. Thus, Junagadh’s merger with the Union of India was made possible due to Sardar Patel’s tremendous efforts for the of people of Junagadh.
12. Pakistan attacked Kashmir in order to merge Kashmir with it. King Harisingh Dogra requested for military assistance to protect Jammu and Kashmir form Pakistan attack.
13. Indian Army protected Kashmir with the immediate effect.

Question 2. Explain in brief India’s development in the field of Science and Technology.
Answer:

• India has made extraordinary achievements in the field of science and technology in the last half-century in comparison with other developed countries in unique.
• Distinguished various scientists, engineers, technocrats of independent India have contributed remarkably at the international and global level.
• Indian Institute of Science, Indian Institute of Technology, Indian Space Research Organisation and Physical Research Laboratory are the glorious examples for it.
• Women of India too played a noticeable role in this field.

Question 3. Green Revolution
Answer:
Independent India was not self-reliant in the production of foodgrains.

1. In making us self-reliant in this area, huge dams, lakes and canals, have played a major role. We have been making use of modem agricultural technology to increase agricultural production is called Green Revolution.
2. As a result of Green Revolution, we became self-reliant in production of foodgrains. It is an important achievement.
3. Agriculture institutions, laboratories and agriculture universities have been established to achieve growth in agricultural science.
4. Thus, above all reforms led to Green Revolution.

Question 4. Regionalism
Answer:

1. People speaking common language. Sharing common culture and living in certain specific geographical region for a long time to develop emotional bondage for one another.
2. When narrow mindness is created in them, it is called regionalism.
3. As language, religion, life style, traditions being similar, emotional bondage of people residing in same area becomes stronger.
4. The people who create and instigate regionalism are harmful elements for national unity and integrity.
5. The States Reorganisation Commission already implemented the recommendation of divisions as per the linguistic barriers. Language stimulates regionalism.

Question 5. Regional Inequality
Answer:

1. After Independence, the Planning Commission was formed for social and economic development of India.
2. One of its main aims was the balanced development of different regions, in different fields along with economic development.
3. Due to regional pressure, certain political reasons, the tug-of-war to take development programmes to their own regions, the maxims for development etc. and other factors played an important role in it.
4. Therefore, regional inequality is seen in matters of equal development resources of development, grant given are the factors for regional inequality.
5. Maharashtra is an of economically developed state. But its regions like Vidarbha and Maralhawada are considerably backward. Certain areas of Andhra Pradesh are well developed while areas like Srikakulam Kumool and Chittoor are considerably backward.
6. Some regions are ahead in agricultural development while some regions are in industrial development. There are many factors between the states which are quite visible for regionalism.
7. Between Maharashtra and Karnataka, Punjab and Haryana the boundary issues are still going on.
8. There are some neighbouring states who are at loggerheads for boundary issues even though they are in India.
9. Narrow mindness is seen in regions to acquire personal and motive related to the flow of water and minerals, industrial raw material and agricultural sectors. This regional inequality and narrow mindness is tremendously harmful to the unite of the country.
10. After country became independent, means for preserving country’s dignity, superior positions should be planned rather than taking interest in regional development.

4. Choose the correct option from each question and write the answer:

Question 1. After getting independence, who became the Home Minister of India?
A. Subhash Chandra Bose
B. Gaekwad of Vadodra
C. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
D. Motilal Nehru
Answer:
C. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

Question 2. Which of the following territory is not central territory?
A. Chandigarh
B. Jammu and Kashmir
C. Lakshadweep
D. Puducherry
Answer:
B. Jammu and Kashmir

Question 3. Currently, how many states in the Indian Union are in existence?
A. 26 states
B. 27 states
C. 28 states
D. 29 states
Answer:
D. 29 states

Question 4. In the year 2014, which state was separated from Andhra Pradesh?
A. Uttarakhand
B. Chattisgarh
C. Telangana
D. Bihar
Answer:
C. Telangana

Question 5. Jharkhand state was separated from which state?
A. Chattisgarh
B. Bihar
C. Telangana
D. Uttarakhand
Answer:
B. Bihar

Question 6. From the below-given states, which state doesn’t belong to Seven Sisters?
A. Manipur, Assam
B. Tripura, Arunachal
C. Mizoram, Nagaland
D. Uttarakhand, Jharkhand
Answer:
D. Uttarakhand, Jharkhand

Question 7. From the below-given states, which state is included in Union Territories?
A. Andhra Pradesh
B. Goa
C. Puducherry
D. Gujarat
Answer:
C. Puducherry

Question 8. Which is the Foundation Day of Gujarat state?
A. 1st May, 1961
B. 1st May, 1960
C. 1st May, 1962
D. 1st May, 1970
Answer:
B. 1st May, 1960

Question 9. After India got independence, which commission was formed for social and economic development?
A. Agricultural Commission
B. Education Commission
C. Planning Commission
D. Kothari Commission
Answer:
C. Planning Commission